Glutamate
Reactions involving Glutamate
Every recorded step where this molecule takes part
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Pyruvate + glutamate -> alanine + alpha-ketoglutarate (muscle)
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consumed gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCL) Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cy… ST-0336 rate-limiting
L-Glutamate + L-cysteine + ATP -> gamma-glutamylcysteine + ADP + Pi
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L-Glutamate -> GABA + CO2
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L-glutamate + NAD⁺ (or NADP⁺) + H₂O ⇌ α-ketoglutarate + NH₄⁺ + NADH (or NADPH) + H⁺
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consumed Glutamate-aspartate antiporter (citrin/aralar, SLC25A13/12) Malate-Aspartate Shuttle ST-0357
Aspartate(matrix) + glutamate(cytosol) -> aspartate(cytosol) + glutamate(matrix)
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Alanine + alpha-ketoglutarate -> pyruvate + glutamate (liver)
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produced Aminotransferases + glutamate dehydrogenase (PLP-dependent nitrogen removal) Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogeni… ST-0146
Amino acid + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ corresponding α-keto acid + glutamate
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Leucine/isoleucine/valine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ their respective branched-chain α-keto acids + glutamate
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L-tyrosine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + glutamate
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L-glutamine + H₂O → L-glutamate + NH₄⁺
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E-PMP + α-ketoglutarate → E-PLP + L-glutamate
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L-alanine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ pyruvate + L-glutamate
Pathway junctions through this molecule
Produced in one pathway, consumed in another
Recent literature
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