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Connectivity map

Each node is a pathway. An edge means a molecule produced by one is consumed by the other. Common carriers are excluded, otherwise everything joins to everything.

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Network

51 pathways · 293 edges
Glycolysis → Gluconeogenesis: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Pyruvate Glycolysis → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Pyruvate Gluconeogenesis → Glycolysis: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate Gluconeogenesis → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Gluconeogenesis: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Pyruvate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Glycolysis: 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate, 2-Phosphoglycerate, 3-Phosphoglycerate, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA, Alpha-ketoglutarate, Fumarate, Oxaloacetate, Succinyl-CoA Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid) → Purine Salvage Pathway: Adenosine, Guanine, Guanosine, Hypoxanthine, Inosine Galactose Metabolism → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose, Glucose-1-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate, UDP-glucose Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA, Citrate, Malate, Oxaloacetate Ketogenesis → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetoacetate, Acetoacetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA, D-beta-hydroxybutyrate Purine Salvage Pathway → Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid): GMP, Guanine, Hypoxanthine, IMP Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP) → Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis): dTMP, dUDP, dUMP, Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose, Glucose-1-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Glycolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Gluconeogenesis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Gluconeogenesis: Malate, Oxaloacetate, Pyruvate Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Ketogenesis: Acetoacetate, Acetoacetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Fatty acid, Glycerol, Triacylglycerol (TAG) Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetoacetate, Acetyl-CoA, Succinyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Alpha-ketoglutarate, Glutamate, Pyruvate One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis): Dihydrofolate (DHF), dTMP, Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis) → One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle): 5,10-Methylene-THF, dUMP, Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis) → Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP): dCMP, dUDP, dUMP Phospholipid Degradation (Phospholipases) → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): Choline, Diacylglycerol, Phosphatidic acid Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Alpha-ketoglutarate, Malate, Oxaloacetate Glycolysis → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Hydroxyethyl-TPP, Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) Gluconeogenesis → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Malate, Oxaloacetate Gluconeogenesis → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Malate, Oxaloacetate Gluconeogenesis → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Malate, Oxaloacetate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown): Glucose-1-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Galactose Metabolism: Glucose-1-phosphate, UDP-glucose Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Uronic Acid Pathway: Glucose-1-phosphate, UDP-glucose Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Glycolysis: Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) → Glycolysis: Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) → Gluconeogenesis: Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Fructose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Glycolysis: Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown): Glucose-1-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Uronic Acid Pathway: Glucose-1-phosphate, UDP-glucose Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Malate, Oxaloacetate Ketogenesis → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetoacetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetoacetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA, Succinate Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway) → Ketogenesis: Acetoacetyl-CoA, HMG-CoA Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Fatty acid, Fatty acyl-CoA Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): Diacylglycerol, Phosphatidic acid Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) → Bile Acid Synthesis: Bile acid, Cholesterol Transamination → Gluconeogenesis: Oxaloacetate, Pyruvate Transamination → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Glutamate, Oxaloacetate Transamination → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Glutamate, Pyruvate Oxidative Deamination → Transamination: Alpha-ketoglutarate, Aspartate Oxidative Deamination → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Alpha-ketoglutarate, Glutamate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Gluconeogenesis: Oxaloacetate, Pyruvate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA, Oxaloacetate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Ketogenesis: Acetoacetate, Acetyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA, Glutamate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Glutamate, Oxaloacetate One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine): 5-Methyl-THF, Methionine One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP): FAICAR, Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle): Homocysteine, Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP) → One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle): AICAR, Glycinamide ribonucleotide (GAR) Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP) → Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid): GMP, IMP Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP) → One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle): dUMP, Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP) → Pyrimidine Degradation: dTMP, UMP Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Hydroxyethyl-TPP, Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Gluconeogenesis: Malate, Oxaloacetate Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Malate, Oxaloacetate Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Malate, Oxaloacetate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Phospholipid Degradation (Phospholipases) → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Diacylglycerol, Phosphatidic acid Sphingolipid Synthesis → Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal): Glucosylceramide, Sphingomyelin Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Gluconeogenesis: Malate, Oxaloacetate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Malate, Oxaloacetate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Transamination: Alpha-ketoglutarate, Aspartate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Alpha-ketoglutarate, Glutamate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate, Glycerol-3-phosphate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Transamination: Alanine, Alpha-ketoglutarate Glycolysis → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Glycolysis → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose-6-phosphate Glycolysis → Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown): Glucose-6-phosphate Glycolysis → Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis): Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycolysis → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycolysis → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Glycolysis → Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycolysis → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Pyruvate Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Ketogenesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Gluconeogenesis → Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown): Glucose-6-phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis): Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway: Glucose Gluconeogenesis → Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Gluconeogenesis → Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle): Glucose Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Glycolysis: Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Gluconeogenesis: Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) → Sphingolipid Synthesis: UDP-glucose Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Gluconeogenesis: Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Galactose Metabolism: Glucose-1-phosphate Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway: Glucose Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Uronic Acid Pathway: Glucose-1-phosphate Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) → Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle): Glucose Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) → Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP): Ribose-5-phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) → Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Gluconeogenesis: Glucose-6-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases): Glucose-6-phosphate Galactose Metabolism → Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway: Glucose Galactose Metabolism → Sphingolipid Synthesis: UDP-glucose Galactose Metabolism → Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle): Glucose Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Ketogenesis: Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvate Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Sphingolipid Synthesis: Palmitoyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Pyruvate Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Ketogenesis: Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Fatty acyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Sphingolipid Synthesis: Fatty acyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Ketogenesis → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV): Succinate Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetoacetyl-CoA Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis → Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL): Triacylglycerol (TAG) Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis → Sphingolipid Synthesis: Fatty acyl-CoA Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis → Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle: Glycerol-3-phosphate Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Fatty acid Transamination → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Transamination → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Oxaloacetate Transamination → Oxidative Deamination: Glutamate Transamination → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Transamination → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Oxaloacetate Transamination → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvate Transamination → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutamate Transamination → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Glutamate Oxidative Deamination → Urea Cycle: Aspartate Oxidative Deamination → Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples): Alpha-ketoglutarate Oxidative Deamination → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Alpha-ketoglutarate Oxidative Deamination → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutamate Oxidative Deamination → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Glutamate Oxidative Deamination → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Glutamate Urea Cycle → Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP): Carbamoyl phosphate Urea Cycle → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Fumarate Urea Cycle → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Arginine Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Transamination: Alpha-ketoglutarate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Oxidative Deamination: Glutamate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway): Succinyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutamate Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Catecholamine Synthesis: Tyrosine Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway): Glycine One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP): Dihydrofolate (DHF) One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Pyrimidine Degradation: dTMP One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glycine Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Purine Salvage Pathway: Adenosine Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid): Adenosine Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis): Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Cysteine Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Catecholamine Synthesis: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) → Phase II - Conjugation: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Purine Salvage Pathway → Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP): IMP Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid) → Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP): IMP Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP) → Urea Cycle: Carbamoyl phosphate Pyrimidine Degradation → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Succinyl-CoA Pyrimidine Degradation → Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway): Succinyl-CoA Pyrimidine Degradation → Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis): Thymidine Pyrimidine Degradation → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Succinyl-CoA Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis) → Pyrimidine Degradation: dTMP Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Ketogenesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) → Phase II - Conjugation: Acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Succinyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway): Succinyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) → Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV): Succinate Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Fumarate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose-6-phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown): Glucose-6-phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis): Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle): Lactate Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Pyruvate Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway → Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis): Fructose Uronic Acid Pathway → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): UDP-glucose Uronic Acid Pathway → Galactose Metabolism: UDP-glucose Uronic Acid Pathway → Heme Degradation (Bilirubin Pathway): UDP-glucuronate Uronic Acid Pathway → Sphingolipid Synthesis: UDP-glucose Uronic Acid Pathway → Phase II - Conjugation: UDP-glucuronate Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways) → Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL): Phosphatidylcholine Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways) → Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine): S-adenosylhomocysteine Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways) → Phospholipid Degradation (Phospholipases): Phosphatidylcholine Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways) → Sphingolipid Synthesis: Phosphatidylcholine Phospholipid Degradation (Phospholipases) → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Choline Eicosanoid Synthesis → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutathione (GSH) Eicosanoid Synthesis → Phase II - Conjugation: Glutathione (GSH) Sphingolipid Synthesis → Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis: Diacylglycerol Sphingolipid Synthesis → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): Diacylglycerol Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Glycolysis: Glucose Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis): Glucose Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Galactose Metabolism: Galactose Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Glucose Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway: Glucose Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): Phosphocholine Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Sphingolipid Synthesis: Ceramide Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) → Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle): Glucose Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle) → Phase II - Conjugation: Glutathione (GSH) Catecholamine Synthesis → Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine): S-adenosylhomocysteine Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis → Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine): S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis → Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways): S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis → Catecholamine Synthesis: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis → Phase II - Conjugation: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Oxidative Deamination: Glutamate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Urea Cycle: Aspartate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples): Alpha-ketoglutarate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutamate Malate-Aspartate Shuttle → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Glutamate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle → Glycolysis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle → Gluconeogenesis: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle → Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis): Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Phase II - Conjugation → Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine): S-adenosylhomocysteine Propionyl-CoA to Succinyl-CoA (anaplerosis) → Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization): Succinyl-CoA Propionyl-CoA to Succinyl-CoA (anaplerosis) → Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway): Succinyl-CoA Propionyl-CoA to Succinyl-CoA (anaplerosis) → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Succinyl-CoA Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) → Gluconeogenesis: Pyruvate Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvate Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) → Glucose-Alanine Cycle: Pyruvate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex): Pyruvate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Gluconeogenesis: Pyruvate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Oxidative Deamination: Glutamate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples): Alpha-ketoglutarate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle): Pyruvate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle): Alpha-ketoglutarate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle): Glutamate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Glutamate Glucose-Alanine Cycle → Malate-Aspartate Shuttle: Glutamate Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) Carbohydrate Metabolism 10 connections · Connector Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle) Fructose Metabolism (Fructolysis) Carbohydrate Metabolism 11 connections · Connector Fructose Metabolism (Fructoly… Galactose Metabolism Carbohydrate Metabolism 14 connections · Connector Galactose Metabolism Gluconeogenesis Carbohydrate Metabolism 28 connections · Hub Gluconeogenesis Glucose-Alanine Cycle Carbohydrate Metabolism 19 connections · Hub Glucose-Alanine Cycle Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthesis) Carbohydrate Metabolism 15 connections · Connector Glycogenesis (Glycogen Synthe… Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) Carbohydrate Metabolism 14 connections · Connector Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Brea… Glycolysis Carbohydrate Metabolism 20 connections · Hub Glycolysis Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) Carbohydrate Metabolism 11 connections · Connector Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Ox… Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Reaction (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex) Carbohydrate Metabolism 18 connections · Connector Pyruvate Oxidation / Link Rea… Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway Carbohydrate Metabolism 5 connections · Peripheral Sorbitol / Polyol Pathway Uronic Acid Pathway Carbohydrate Metabolism 8 connections · Peripheral Uronic Acid Pathway Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids Lipid Metabolism 18 connections · Connector Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids Bile Acid Synthesis Lipid Metabolism 1 connection · Terminal Bile Acid Synthesis Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mevalonate Pathway) Lipid Metabolism 9 connections · Peripheral Cholesterol Biosynthesis (Mev… Eicosanoid Synthesis Lipid Metabolism 2 connections · Terminal Eicosanoid Synthesis Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) Lipid Metabolism 25 connections · Hub Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo… Ketogenesis Lipid Metabolism 15 connections · Connector Ketogenesis Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utilization) Lipid Metabolism 19 connections · Hub Ketolysis (Ketone Body Utiliz… Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) Lipid Metabolism 5 connections · Peripheral Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exoge… Phospholipid Degradation (Phospholipases) Lipid Metabolism 4 connections · Peripheral Phospholipid Degradation (Pho… Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways) Lipid Metabolism 10 connections · Connector Phospholipid Synthesis (Kenne… Sphingolipid Degradation (Lysosomal) Lipid Metabolism 9 connections · Peripheral Sphingolipid Degradation (Lys… Sphingolipid Synthesis Lipid Metabolism 11 connections · Connector Sphingolipid Synthesis Triacylglycerol Synthesis and Lipolysis Lipid Metabolism 14 connections · Connector Triacylglycerol Synthesis and… Amino Acid Catabolism Overview (glucogenic vs. ketogenic amino acids; brief overview of branched-chain amino acid catabolism and phenylalanine/tyrosine catabolism as representative examples) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 23 connections · Hub Amino Acid Catabolism Overvie… Catecholamine Synthesis Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 4 connections · Peripheral Catecholamine Synthesis Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 9 connections · Peripheral Glutathione Metabolism (gamma… Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin Pathway) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 5 connections · Peripheral Heme Biosynthesis (Porphyrin … Heme Degradation (Bilirubin Pathway) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 1 connection · Terminal Heme Degradation (Bilirubin P… Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 13 connections · Connector Methionine Cycle / Transmethy… One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 11 connections · Connector One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate… Other Neurotransmitter Synthesis Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 13 connections · Connector Other Neurotransmitter Synthe… Oxidative Deamination Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 12 connections · Connector Oxidative Deamination Propionyl-CoA to Succinyl-CoA (anaplerosis) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 3 connections · Terminal Propionyl-CoA to Succinyl-CoA… Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 11 connections · Connector Serotonin & Melatonin Synthes… Transamination Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 15 connections · Connector Transamination Urea Cycle Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism 6 connections · Peripheral Urea Cycle Deoxyribonucleotide Formation (Ribonucleotide Reductase pathway and thymidylate synthesis) Nucleotide Metabolism 7 connections · Peripheral Deoxyribonucleotide Formation… Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP) Nucleotide Metabolism 6 connections · Peripheral Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP… Purine Degradation (to Uric Acid) Nucleotide Metabolism 5 connections · Peripheral Purine Degradation (to Uric A… Purine Salvage Pathway Nucleotide Metabolism 4 connections · Peripheral Purine Salvage Pathway Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis (through to UMP, then CTP/dTMP) Nucleotide Metabolism 7 connections · Peripheral Pyrimidine De Novo Synthesis … Pyrimidine Degradation Nucleotide Metabolism 7 connections · Peripheral Pyrimidine Degradation Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic Acid Fermentation Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 26 connections · Hub Anaerobic Glycolysis / Lactic… Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 22 connections · Hub Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Kreb… Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 3 connections · Terminal Electron Transport Chain (Com… Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 10 connections · Connector Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttle Malate-Aspartate Shuttle Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 17 connections · Connector Malate-Aspartate Shuttle Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (Link Reaction, connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration 18 connections · Connector Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Comple… Phase II - Conjugation Xenobiotic & Drug Metabolism 13 connections · Connector Phase II - Conjugation

Circles — how connected a pathway is

  • Hub Connects to a large share of the map. Disturb one of these and the effect travels widely.
  • Connector Several links in and out. Typical of a pathway that both consumes and supplies intermediates.
  • Peripheral A handful of links, usually to close relatives within the same category.
  • Terminal One or two links. Either a short pathway or one the source documents describe in isolation.

Lines — what the connections mean

  • Violet joins two different categories — for example carbohydrate metabolism feeding lipid metabolism. These are the interesting ones.
  • Grey joins two pathways inside the same category.
  • Thickness is the number of different molecules shared. A thick line means the two pathways trade several intermediates, not just one.
› How to read this map

Think of each circle as a factory and each line as a delivery route. A line is drawn from one pathway to another when the first one makes a molecule that the second one uses. So the map is not about which pathways look similar; it is about which ones hand material to each other.

Big violet circles are the busy junctions. They sit in the middle of many deliveries, which is usually why a defect in one of them shows up in several organ systems at once. Small grey circles at the edge either are short pathways or are described on their own in the source documents, so they have few recorded hand-offs.

Common carriers such as ATP, NAD+ and water are deliberately left out. They take part in almost every reaction, so including them would connect everything to everything and the picture would say nothing. What remains are the specific intermediates.

Two cautions. A line means a connection exists somewhere in this dataset, not that material actually flows that way in a given tissue at a given moment — check the compartment and tissue on each pathway page. And a missing line may only mean the source documents did not record that step, not that biology lacks it.

Hover any circle for its name and connection count, hover any line for the molecules it carries, and click either to open the pathway behind it.

Filter by category

Carbohydrate Metabolism Lipid Metabolism Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism Nucleotide Metabolism Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration Cofactor & Vitamin Metabolism Xenobiotic & Drug Metabolism

Junction detail

Directed: produced in the first pathway, consumed in the second

293 links