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PW-055 Carbohydrate Metabolism Inter-organ cycle unreviewed

Cori Cycle (lactate shuttle)

Muscle/RBC glucose -> lactate Hepatic glucose (net cost 4 ATP equivalents)
Compartment
Cytosol (muscle) + liver
Main tissue
Muscle/RBC <-> liver
Rate-limiting
Not flagged in the source
Steps
2

Reaction steps

In source order, 2 total

showing 1–2
  1. 1

    Glucose -> 2 lactate + 2 ATP (muscle/erythrocyte)

    Glycolytic enzymes + lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) 1.1.1.27 ST-0379 Irreversible/directional NAD+
    In Glucose
    Out Lactate ATP
    › Notes

    Anaerobic ATP supply; regenerates cytosolic NAD+ so glycolysis can continue.

  2. 2

    Lactate -> pyruvate -> glucose (liver, 6 ATP equivalents)

    Lactate dehydrogenase (LDHB) + gluconeogenic enzymes 1.1.1.27 ST-0380 Irreversible/directional NAD+ ATP GTP
    In Lactate
    Out Pyruvate
    › Notes

    Net cost of 4 ATP equivalents per cycle, shifting the energy burden to liver. Metformin-associated and hypoxic lactic acidosis reflect failure of this arm.

Showing all 2 steps.

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Elevated miR-103b in exosomes derived from brain-metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cells remodels the brain pre-metastatic niche (PMN).

    Zhou L, Ke J, Zhang S, Xiao S, Zhang H, Liu S, Liu L, Liu M, Lu Z, Zheng S. · 2026-09-25

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    Advancements in early biomarkers of acute kidney injury: from traditional indicators to a paradigm shift in lactate metabolism.

    Wu Q, Qiu X, Chen H. · 2026-01-13

    cited 5× open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    Lactate metabolism and protein lactylation in programmed cell death: From novel mechanism to therapeutic strategies in human diseases.

    Chen Y, Wang X, Wang X, Lin N, Wang W, Fu R, Wu Y, Liu Y, Liu H. · 2026-10-01

    open access unreviewed
  4. 4
    Muscle Massage Adding Capacitive Resistive Electric Transfer Therapy in Active or Sham Condition for Post-Exercise Recovery in Athletes: A Crossover Clinical Trial.

    Canet-Vintró M, Oviedo GR, López-de-Celis C, Beltrame T, Muñiz-Pardos B, Mengual I, Rodríguez-Sanz J. · 2026-10-01

    open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Type B Lactic Acidosis: Diagnosis, Etiology and Treatment - An Educational Review.

    Cardenas Fimbres JA, Cardenas Fimbres JM, Stewart C, Tobias JD. · 2026-08-31

    open access unreviewed
  6. 6
    Breast cancer-related fatigue: Mechanisms, biomarkers, risk factors, and intervention strategies.

    Zhao C, Qiu Q, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Shen K, Yang L, Sun Y, Zhou Z, Jia M, Liu H, Sun H, Zhang N. · 2026-08-18

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    Multi-omics analyses reveal the regulatory mechanisms of riboflavin to improve meat quality in Pekin ducks.

    Wu Q, Shao Q, Zhou W, Zhuang L, Jin Y, Zhou Z, Xie M, Hou S, Tang J. · 2026-06-22

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  8. 8
    Lactate as a Potential Exercise-Induced Signaling Molecule: Implications for Immunometabolic Adaptation Following HIIT.

    Ahmadi Hekmatikar A, Celorrio San Miguel AM, Rajabi H, Daryanoosh F, Roche E, Fernández-Lázaro D. · 2026-09-03

    open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    GPI: A pan-cancer biomarker integrating genetic alterations, immune infiltration, and therapeutic response prediction.

    Hu W, Gao Y, Li Z, Du Z, Tao J, Politis AA, Grilli FV, Di Stefano A, Wang X, Zhang J, Yin J. · 2026-09-10

    open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    Hypertonic sodium lactate improves microcirculation, modulates inflammation, and preserves vascular reactivity in a rat model of sepsis: in vivo and ex vivo evidence.

    Correia E, Maudhuizon T, Hérault A, Bekri S, Fontaine E, Bellien J, Mulder P, Tamion F, Besnier E. · 2026-09-20

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.