Skip to content
MS
Sign in
PW-037 Lipid Metabolism Anabolic unreviewed

Phospholipid Synthesis (Kennedy / CDP pathways)

Choline/ethanolamine + DAG, or phosphatidic acid + CTP Phosphatidylcholine, PE, PI, PS
Compartment
ER / Golgi
Main tissue
All cells; lung type II (surfactant), liver
Rate-limiting
CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT)
Steps
6

Reaction steps

In source order, 6 total

showing 1–6
  1. 1

    Choline + ATP -> phosphocholine + ADP

    Choline kinase 2.7.1.32 ST-0305 Irreversible/directional ATP Mg2+
    In Choline ATP
    Out Phosphocholine ADP
    › Notes

    Dietary/salvaged choline is trapped by phosphorylation.

  2. 2

    Phosphocholine + CTP -> CDP-choline + PPi

    CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) 2.7.7.15 ST-0306 Irreversible rate-limiting CTP
    In Phosphocholine CTP
    Out CDP-choline PPi
    › Notes

    Rate-limiting step of phosphatidylcholine synthesis; regulated by reversible membrane association of CCT.

  3. 3

    CDP-choline + 1,2-diacylglycerol -> phosphatidylcholine + CMP

    CDP-choline:DAG cholinephosphotransferase 2.7.8.2 ST-0307 Irreversible/directional
    In CDP-choline Diacylglycerol
    Out Phosphatidylcholine CMP
    › Notes

    Principal route to phosphatidylcholine, the main membrane and surfactant phospholipid (DPPC).

  4. 4

    Phosphatidic acid + CTP -> CDP-diacylglycerol + PPi

    CDP-DAG synthase (CDS1/2) 2.7.7.41 ST-0308 Irreversible/directional CTP
    In Phosphatidic acid CTP
    Out CDP-diacylglycerol PPi
    › Notes

    Alternative activated intermediate used for the acidic phospholipids.

  5. 5

    CDP-diacylglycerol + inositol -> phosphatidylinositol + CMP

    Phosphatidylinositol synthase (CDIPT) 2.7.8.11 ST-0309 Irreversible/directional
    In CDP-diacylglycerol Inositol
    Out Phosphatidylinositol CMP
    › Notes

    PI is the precursor of PIP2, the substrate for phospholipase C signalling.

  6. 6

    Phosphatidylethanolamine + 3 SAM -> phosphatidylcholine + 3 SAH

    Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) 2.1.1.17 ST-0310 Irreversible/directional SAM
    In Phosphatidylethanolamine S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)
    Out Phosphatidylcholine S-adenosylhomocysteine
    › Notes

    Hepatic salvage route to PC; a major consumer of SAM and a link to the methionine cycle.

Showing all 6 steps.

Recent literature

Live Europe PMC search

Refresh

Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Key molecular networks underlying retinol's biphasic effects on cell proliferation through multi-omics integrative analysis using genome-scale metabolic modeling.

    He P, Xiang G, Yan Y, Zhong J, Liang Y, Shu P, Lu H. · 2026-06-19

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies PPAR signaling network associations with metabolic-immune dysregulation and intestinal injury in PDCoV-infected piglets.

    Guo X, A C, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang T. · 2026-09-27

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    HSV-1 metabolic hijacking: Mechanisms to precision therapeutics.

    Kuang S, Zhang J, Chen J, He Z, Yang J, Li S, Ding J, Ma Z, Zhang B. · 2026-08-11

    open access unreviewed
  4. 4
    Discovery of isokurarinone as an ATCase-engaging lead with potent activity against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.

    Cao X, Yang X, Dai L, Liu X, Gong Z, Yu X, Ma Y, Bu T, Wu H, Miao X, Shang X, Bai C. · 2026-07-26

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    A copper uptake ABC transport system is essential for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> virulence.

    Xu Z, Tang H, Yan M, Li H, Zhou A, Chen Y, Yan CH, Karakousis PC, Ni J, Wang D, Tao J, Wu W, Xie Q, Lu J, Zha… · 2026-05-25

    open access unreviewed
  6. 6
    Development and validation of a digital PCR assay targeting plasma <i>FAR1</i> methylation for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Park SJ, Lee YY, Chung YK, Jung BH, An J, Han J, Moon Y, Wang HJ. · 2026-04-20

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis via ChoC is crucial for cellular integrity and virulence in <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i>.

    Carrillo-Marín P, Tahiri G, Camuña-Pardo L, Lax C, Sanchis M, Capilla J, Navarro E, Garre V, Nicolás FE. · 2026-04-16

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  8. 8
    The responsive nucleus: morphological signatures of cellular state.

    Pérez-Venteo A, Bosch-Calvet M, Garcia-Cajide M, Mauvezin C. · 2026-02-19

    cited 4× open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    <i><b>Limosilactobacillus mucosae</b></i> <b>attenuates hyperlipidemic periodontitis via the gut-oral axis</b>.

    Xu J, Han Z, Xue Q, Wang H, Song J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang D, Hu M. · 2026-01-20

    cited 2× open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    Mitochondrial dynamics: A promising tool for personalized TNBC management.

    Mishra H, Yadav A, Kushwaha VB, Singh MP. · 2026-03-21

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.