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unreviewed

Transketolase

2 reactions · 1 pathways

Cofactors used

Mg2+ · Magnesium TPP (B1) · B1 (Thiamine)

Clinical / pharmacological. TPP-dependent; erythrocyte transketolase activity assesses thiamine status

What it does, reaction by reaction

2 reactions

Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases) Carbohydrate Metabolism · Cytosol

step 6 Reversible

Xylulose-5-phosphate + ribose-5-phosphate → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + sedoheptulose-7-phosphate

Converts Xylulose-5-phosphate Ribose-5-phosphate into Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate

› Notes

Transketolase transfers a two-carbon glycolaldehyde unit and requires thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and Mg2+. This reversible non-oxidative reaction forms a three-carbon and a seven-carbon sugar phosphate.

step 8 Reversible

Xylulose-5-phosphate + erythrose-4-phosphate → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + fructose-6-phosphate

Converts Xylulose-5-phosphate Erythrose-4-phosphate into Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate

› Notes

A second transketolase reaction, again requiring TPP and Mg2+, transfers two carbons to form another fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. The reversible non-oxidative phase therefore converts three pentose phosphates into two fructose-6-phosphate and one glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Showing all 2 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

1 entries

Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases)

Accelerated by

Substrate availability; adequate TPP

Inhibited by

Thiamine deficiency limits activity

Hormonal control

No major acute direct hormonal control; flux follows pentose and glycolytic-intermediate demand

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
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    Zuo J, Zhang S, Huang W, Liu J, Gao C, Hu GP, Song W, Li X, Wei W, Wu J, Liu L, Liu K, Xu N. · 2026-06-01

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  2. 2
    A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of thiamin plus folic acid in the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

    Xie K, Jiang Y, Chen T, Liu S, Fang Y, Chen F, Shen J, Zeng X, Li P, Qiu T, Wang J, Yu L, Zang X, Wang N, Yua… · 2026-04-30

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    Multi-omics dissection of metabolic hijacking: Infectious bronchitis virus orchestrates lipid-centric replication through PPAR-TGF-β crosstalk.

    Yan K, Wang X, Bo Z, Zhang C, Guo M, Zhang X, Wu Y. · 2026-01-28

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  4. 4
    Inhibitors of GapN-dependent NADPH supply as potential lead compounds for novel therapeutics against <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>.

    Schütt I, Einwohlt P, Wandinger AM, Teuffel J, Wirsing R, Hlawatschke BH, Fehlauer HL, Bothe S, Bader N, Mona… · 2025-12-30

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Thiamin deficiency in children with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis and its association with dialysis duration and transport peritoneal membrane status.

    Suwanboriboon W, Chaiyapuk T, Tinnabut I, Sanpawitayakul G, Srisawat C, Junnu S, Liammongkolkul S, Chotipanan… · 2025-06-23

    cited 2× open access unreviewed
  6. 6
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    Liu W, Wang Z, Li P, Liu Y, Chen J, Shi Z, Liu H, Ye J. · 2026-06-16

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  7. 7
    Integrative Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals Stage-Specific Signalling and Metabolism in Equine Melanocytic Neoplasm.

    Srimontri P, Kingkaw A, Prapaiwan N, Sujittosakul R, Iamkaewprasert N, Piputwat J, Isama-Al P, Munkongdee T, … · 2026-04-16

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  8. 8
    Protein signatures of aging in the hemolymph of marbled crayfish: Insights into crustacean immune aging.

    Mengal K, Siino V, Buřič M, Levander F, Niksirat H. · 2026-03-11

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  9. 9
    Utilization, metabolic regulation and applications of hydrophobic substrates in <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i>.

    Zhu F, Zhang L, Wen J. · 2026-02-18

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  10. 10
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External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.