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unreviewed

Glutathione reductase (GSR)

1 reactions · 1 pathways

Cofactors used

FAD · B2 (Riboflavin) NADPH · B3 (Niacin)

Clinical / pharmacological. FAD/riboflavin-dependent; links GSH recycling to the pentose phosphate pathway

What it does, reaction by reaction

1 reactions

Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol

step 4 Irreversible/directional

GSSG + NADPH + H+ -> 2 GSH + NADP+

Converts GSSG (oxidised glutathione) NADPH H+ into Glutathione (GSH) NADP+

› Notes

Links antioxidant defence to the pentose phosphate pathway; this is why G6PD deficiency causes oxidative haemolysis. Riboflavin (FAD) dependent.

Showing all 1 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

0 entries

No regulation recorded for this enzyme in the source documents.

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Sauchinone attenuates UVB-induced photoaging by suppressing oxidative stress and ferroptosis through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in dermal fibroblasts.

    Zhang X, Wang J, Zhou Y, Shen C, Yuan M, Li Q, Li W. · 2026-05-21

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals inflammatory activation and blood-brain barrier disruption during meningitis-associated extraintestinal pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> infection.

    Li Z, Chen M, Du Y, Jia K, Lu Y, Yu X, Cao X, Peng L, Fang R. · 2026-05-11

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    Proteome-wide quantitative analysis of redox cysteine in porcine uterus reveals deoxynivalenol induced oxidative stress via protein hyperoxidation.

    Fan S, Tian F, Wang Q, Guan J, Lu S, Ding Y, Zheng X, Li Y, Yin Z, Zhang X. · 2026-06-27

    unreviewed
  4. 4
    The revolver halo as a forensic marker: Raman spectroscopic evidence of primer-driven gunshot residue deposition.

    Solana-Aguilar EG, Vicente PG, Cano-Trujillo C, Gil JLF, Jiménez JÁ, Uzquiano JFS, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C. · 2026-06-25

    unreviewed
  5. 5
    Background levels of inorganic gunshot residue like particles on the hands of motorcycle mechanics in Pakistan: Implications for forensic interpretation.

    Feras KS, Yaseen M, Mahmood MH. · 2026-06-24

    unreviewed
  6. 6
    Persistence of organic and inorganic gunshot residues on hands, forearms, and face of shooters 24 h after a high number of discharges.

    Redouté Minzière V, Tilborg T, Gassner AL, Gallidabino MD, Roux C, Weyermann C. · 2026-06-02

    unreviewed
  7. 7
    Dose-dependent neurotoxic effects of anastrozole via disrupting NLRP3 inflammasome and α-synuclein pathways.

    Alghamdi A, Jamil S, Alkhoshaiban AS, Azmat MB, Alzahrani FM, Alzahrani KJ, Alsharif KF, Hassan HM. · 2026-05-15

    unreviewed
  8. 8
    Levetiracetam elicits sub-chronic cardiotoxicity via modulating TLR4/MyD88 and NF-κB signaling axis: Mechanistic validation across molecular, functional, and structural endpoints.

    Alqahtani MY, Alghamdi A, Alghamdi SA, Binshaya AS, Safhi AY, Sabei FY, Abalkhail A, Alissa M. · 2026-04-30

    unreviewed
  9. 9
    Dextromethorphan induces sub-chronic nephrotoxicity via modulating renin-angiotensin system, renal xenobiotic transport and drug clearance pathway.

    Alissa M, Alghamdi SA, Binshaya AS, Alqarni AM, Safhi AY, Sabei FY, Albati AA, Abalkhail A. · 2026-05-01

    unreviewed
  10. 10
    Hepatoprotective effect of engeletin against risperidone-induced liver injury in rats involvement of TGF-β1/Smad and NF-κB pathways.

    Alshehri MA, Alghamdi A, Binshaya AS, Juraybi TN, Abalkhail A, Alissa M. · 2026-04-08

    unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.