What it does, reaction by reaction
Gluconeogenesis Carbohydrate Metabolism · Cytosol + mitochondrion + ER
Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O → glucose + Pi
Converts Glucose-6-phosphate H2O into Glucose Pi
› Notes
The endoplasmic-reticulum glucose-6-phosphatase system hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate after transport into the ER lumen by glucose-6-phosphate translocase; the glucose and phosphate are returned to the cytosol through transporters. Hydrolysis requires water and is the final bypass of hexokinase/glucokinase, is irreversible, and permits hepatic or renal release of free glucose.
Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown) Carbohydrate Metabolism · Cytosol + ER (liver)
Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O → glucose + Pi
Converts Glucose-6-phosphate H2O into Glucose Pi
› Notes
In liver and renal cortex, the endoplasmic-reticulum glucose-6-phosphatase system hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate after its transport into the ER lumen. This irreversible step enables release of glucose to blood; it is absent from skeletal muscle, explaining why muscle glycogen cannot directly correct hypoglycemia.
Showing all 2 reactions.
What accelerates and inhibits it
Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately
Gluconeogenesis
Listed there as: Glucose-6-phosphatase
Substrate availability
—
Induced by glucagon and cortisol during fasting; repressed by insulin in the fed state
Glycogenolysis (Glycogen Breakdown)
Listed there as: Glucose-6-phosphatase (liver/kidney)
Substrate availability
—
Expression rises in fasting with glucagon/cortisol and falls with insulin
Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Oxidative and Non-oxidative phases)
Listed there as: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
NADP+, glucose-6-phosphate; increased NADP+/NADPH ratio
NADPH
Insulin induces expression in liver and adipose tissue during lipogenesis
Recent literature
Nothing is fetched until you ask, so the page stays fast and the request is yours rather than automatic.
Europe PMC · ten most recent, newest first