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unreviewed

Citrate synthase

2 reactions · 2 pathways

Cofactors used

CoA-SH · B5 (Pantothenic acid) ATP H2O

Clinical / pharmacological. Entry step of TCA; inhibited by citrate, ATP, NADH, succinyl-CoA

What it does, reaction by reaction

2 reactions

Fatty Acid Synthesis (De Novo Lipogenesis) Lipid Metabolism · Cytosol

step 1 Irreversible/directional

Acetyl-CoA + oxaloacetate → citrate

Converts Acetyl-CoA Oxaloacetate into Citrate

› Notes

Mitochondrial citrate synthase condenses acetyl-CoA with oxaloacetate; it requires no ATP directly and releases CoA-SH. When energy is abundant, citrate accumulates and is exported through the tricarboxylate carrier. This is the initiating reaction of the citrate shuttle, not the committed step of fatty-acid synthesis.

Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration · Mitochondrial matrix

step 1 Irreversible

Oxaloacetate + acetyl-CoA + H2O → citrate + CoA-SH

Converts Oxaloacetate Acetyl-CoA H2O into Citrate CoA-SH

› Notes

Cofactors: no redox cofactor; water hydrolyzes the thioester, and CoA-SH is released. This strongly exergonic, essentially irreversible step is a major control point and commits acetyl-CoA to citrate formation when oxaloacetate is available.

Showing all 2 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

1 entries

Citric Acid Cycle (TCA / Krebs Cycle)

Accelerated by

ADP; substrate availability (oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA)

Inhibited by

ATP, NADH, citrate, succinyl-CoA

Hormonal control

No dominant acute direct hormonal switch; insulin increases carbohydrate-derived acetyl-CoA supply, whereas fasting/glucagon favor reduced TCA flux in liver when oxaloacetate is diverted to gluconeogenesis

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Deprescribing trials need a rationale-first framework before choosing trial design.

    Hwang CS, Boockvar KS, Steinman MA. · 2027-07-08

    unreviewed
  2. 2
    Initial Experience With Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage Using Lumen-apposing Metal Stents in Extremely Elderly and Frail Patients.

    Kobayashi K, Nomura T, Ayaki M, Ogi T, Sato Y, Yamada M, Namima D, Fujita N, Yamana H, Kamada H, Funaki T, Ko… · 2026-06-22

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    Case Report of a Rapidly Progressive Indolent T-Cell Lymphoma of the Gastrointestinal Tract.

    Shibuya K, Tamura A, Yafuso D, Kawamoto A, Hibiya S, Takenaka K, Shimizu H, Fujii T, Ohtsuka K, Okamoto R. · 2026-05-19

    open access unreviewed
  4. 4
    Needle trap device packed with CS@GO aerogel for analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air.

    Mortazavikhah M, Bahrami A, Farmany A, Poormohammadi A, Shahna FG, Faradmal J, Mohraz MH. · 2026-08-07

    unreviewed
  5. 5
    Biofilm forming capacity, sanitizer tolerance, and genetic characterization of persistent and non-persistent <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> from artisan cheese processing environments.

    Aboagye EF, Forauer EC, Gilmour AJ, Blackwell HL, Cushman L, Herren CS, Farace PD, Denaro S, Felten L, Ballar… · 2026-07-15

    unreviewed
  6. 6
    Measuring the efficiency of a solids-based wastewater extraction using BCoV and validation of a BCoV and PMMoV RT-qPCR duplex assay.

    Dueck CE, Santiago N, Hizon NA, Lidder R, Spreitzer D, Mohammed UP, Dyck M, Mangat CS, Mejia EM. · 2026-07-23

    unreviewed
  7. 7
    Professional identity formation of family medicine residents in Singapore: a qualitative study to identify influencing factors.

    Tsang LPM, Tan MS, Foo YY, Lee CS. · 2026-08-03

    unreviewed
  8. 8
    Rapid cross-sectional impact assessment of an earthquake on the continuity of antenatal care for pregnant women living with hepatitis B in Vanuatu.

    Bell L, Kalulu A, Allard N, Ameara K, Deed E, Fisher Z, Homer CSE, Howell J, Kalmos K, Karan N, Obed L, Natum… · 2026-07-22

    unreviewed
  9. 9
    Self-interaction nanoparticle spectroscopy predicts high-concentration viscosity of therapeutic IgG1 antibodies.

    Paidi SK, Ibrahim J, Stepurska K, Zarzar J, Izadi S, Rude E, Luu S, Kovner D, O'Connor K, Bol K, Mehta S, And… · 2026-07-30

    unreviewed
  10. 10
    Systematic dissemination of study findings from local to national stakeholders: a case of a social network-based study on HIV self-testing and linkage among fishermen in Kenya.

    Ayieko BO, Charlebois ED, Sheira LA, Gutin SA, Olugo P, Lewis-Kulzer J, Kwena ZA, Thirumurthy H, Agot K, Caml… · 2026-07-29

    unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.