gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCL)
Cofactors used
Clinical / pharmacological. Rate-limiting for glutathione synthesis; feedback-inhibited by GSH
What it does, reaction by reaction
Glutathione Metabolism (gamma-Glutamyl Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol
L-Glutamate + L-cysteine + ATP -> gamma-glutamylcysteine + ADP + Pi
Converts Glutamate Cysteine ATP into gamma-Glutamylcysteine ADP Pi
› Notes
Rate-limiting step; feedback-inhibited by GSH. Cysteine availability is usually the limiting substrate.
Showing all 1 reactions.
What accelerates and inhibits it
Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately
No regulation recorded for this enzyme in the source documents.
Recent literature
Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date
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1
Research progress of ferroptosis in gynecological diseases.
Chen W, Zhou W, Liu S. · 2026-06-19
open access unreviewed -
2
Significance of GSH and H<sub>2</sub>S regulation for cancer: an intricate interplay between diet, microbiota, metabolic reprogramming, and immune health.
Majumder A, Majumder S, Bano S, Sen K, Nayak KB. · 2026-06-11
open access unreviewed -
3
Albumin as a dynamic extracellular redox regulator: from Cys34 oxidation biomarkers to polysulfide-mediated homeostatic mechanisms and clinical applications.
Ishima Y, Watanabe H, Ikeda-Imafuku M, Maeda H, Maruyama T, Otagiri M, Chuang VTG. · 2026-06-02
open access unreviewed -
4
Oxidative stress biomarkers and flavonoids in Alzheimer's disease: current clinical evidence and therapeutic perspectives.
Zainuddin MS, Pamidi N, Azman AS, Bai Magalingam K, Bhuvanendran S. · 2026-05-26
open access unreviewed -
5
Sauchinone attenuates UVB-induced photoaging by suppressing oxidative stress and ferroptosis through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway in dermal fibroblasts.
Zhang X, Wang J, Zhou Y, Shen C, Yuan M, Li Q, Li W. · 2026-05-21
open access unreviewed -
6
Gut microbiota-regulated glutathione metabolic rhythms restore obesity-induced colonic inflammatory oscillations.
Zhao Z, Shi R, Ye J, Wang D, Zhao B, Ren B, Wang L, Liu X, Liu X. · 2026-05-09
open access unreviewed -
7
The role and mechanism of UPRmt in adipocytes.
Liu H, Chen J, Qiu DQ, Jiang MW, Chen HQ, Li L, Chen SQ. · 2026-04-13
open access unreviewed -
8
Mitigating PM2.5-induced skin injury and aging: botanical strategies targeting redox and inflammatory pathways.
Maunjumpon P, Thamsermsang O, Panich U. · 2026-02-19
cited 2× open access unreviewed -
9
<i>Streptococcus suis</i> Stk1 sensitizes epithelial cells to ferroptosis and exacerbates disruption of the respiratory epithelial barrier.
Tian L, Yang R, Qi T, Ouyang W, Liu H, Huo D, Li H, Zhou C, Xu M, Li H, Liu Q, Wang D, Tan C, Chen H, Wang X. · 2026-02-20
cited 1× open access unreviewed -
10
Gut virome dysbiosis contributes to premature ovarian insufficiency by modulating gut bacteriome.
Jin J, Yao G, Zhang X, Zhang T, Ye H, Zhou X, Yu Y, Zhao Y, Qin Z, Chen H, Bi Y, Wang X, Ren X, Zhang Y, Wang… · 2026-01-07
open access unreviewed
External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.