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rate-limiting unreviewed

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)

1 reactions · 1 pathways

Cofactors used

BH4 Fe2+ · Iron O2

Clinical / pharmacological. Rate-limiting for catecholamines; BH4-dependent

What it does, reaction by reaction

1 reactions

Catecholamine Synthesis Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol + secretory vesicle

step 1 Irreversible rate-limiting

L-Tyrosine + O2 + BH4 -> L-DOPA + BH2 + H2O

Converts Tyrosine O2 BH4 into L-DOPA BH2 H2O

› Notes

Rate-limiting step of catecholamine synthesis; feedback-inhibited by the end-product catecholamines.

Showing all 1 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

0 entries

No regulation recorded for this enzyme in the source documents.

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · from cache · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Global, regional, and national burden of exposure to chewing tobacco, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

    GBD 2023 Chewing Tobacco Collaborators. · 2027-07-20

    unreviewed
  2. 2
    Towards a justice-based reimagination of digital health research and innovation: actionable considerations for learning health systems.

    Kalla M, Nazarian N, Vokey L, Van Rensburg C, Kewalramani D, Dlamini S, Charani E, Ferdous H, Celi LA, Milanz… · 2027-06-04

    unreviewed
  3. 3
    Advances in development of tuberculosis vaccines and preventive drug therapies: current pipeline, evidence, and access.

    da Costa C, Marais BJ, Goletti D, Onyebujoh P, Chakaya J, Walzl G, Zumla A. · 2027-04-26

    unreviewed
  4. 4
    Adverse Pathological Features and Worse Prognosis in Rectal Cancer Compared With Colon Cancer in T1 and T2 Stages.

    Iwasaki S, Kudo SE, Kouyama Y, Ichimasa K, Semba S, Morita Y, Takashina Y, Takizawa T, Nimura Y, Okumura T, N… · 2026-07-06

    open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Aptamer-functionalized EGCG nanocarrier for neutrophil-targeted AKBA delivery promotes anxiety-related fracture healing.

    Ouyang L, Zhang Y, Liao J, Zhang Z, He X, Lin Z, Tao R, Xie X, Al-Smadi F, Zhou W, Xue H, Hu Y, Yang D, Liu G. · 2026-09-24

    open access unreviewed
  6. 6
    Generation time in a discrete epidemic model with asymptomatic carriers: beyond geometric waiting times.

    Ripoll J, Saldaña J. · 2026-09-16

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    Stochastic threshold dynamics of an HIV model with latent cell activation under mean-reverting environmental noise.

    Cao Z, Jiang Y, Shi Z, Jiang D, Wei S, Zhou Y. · 2026-06-17

    open access unreviewed
  8. 8
    PRP-activating hyaluronic acid hydrogels for immune-modulatory osteoarthritis repair.

    Hu Y, Shan W, Peng X, Zhang T, Su J, Chen Y, Yin J, Gong L, Mijit A, Cheng C, Zhang J, Zhang C, Xiao P, Xu J. · 2026-09-08

    open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    Functionalized biomaterial platforms for interventional embolization therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Zheng N, Tang Z, Yang G, Deng L, Zhao Q, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang X, Chai Y, Chen Y, Wu Y, Fu Y, Liu S, Li J, Lu… · 2026-09-08

    open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    Hierarchical Nanorocket for spatially coordinated regulation of glycosaminoglycan deposition and metabolism in cartilage.

    Su H, Zhu Q, Xiang J, Wu Q, Sun W, Fang J, Li W, Xie C, Li R, Chen Y, Zou X, Ouyang H. · 2026-09-01

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.