Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1/2)
Cofactors used
What it does, reaction by reaction
Serotonin & Melatonin Synthesis Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol
L-Tryptophan + O2 + BH4 -> 5-hydroxytryptophan
Converts Tryptophan O2 BH4 into 5-Hydroxytryptophan
› Notes
Rate-limiting step.
Showing all 1 reactions.
What accelerates and inhibits it
Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately
No regulation recorded for this enzyme in the source documents.
Recent literature
Europe PMC · from cache · sorted by publication date
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1
Protein glycoxidation in neuropsychiatric disorders-from basic research to clinical practice.
Orlof W, Maciejczyk M. · 2026-04-27
open access unreviewed -
2
Cell Signaling by Tryptophan Catabolism.
Torrelli-Diljohn A, Kulkarni B, Vitturi DA. · 2026-04-24
cited 1× open access unreviewed -
3
A Serotoninomic Framework for Reproductive and Integrative Toxicology: Molecular, Neurochemical, and Behavioural Perspectives on Permethrin Exposure.
Jiménez-Trejo F, Carmona-Aparicio L, Coballase-Urrutia E, Jiménez-García KL, Arriaga-Canon C, Herrera LA. · 2026-04-24
open access unreviewed -
4
Compensatory Serotonin Synthesis and Histone H3 Serotonylation in Preimplantation Embryos Exposed to Maternal Fluoxetine or Monoamine Oxidase Blockade.
Frolova VS, Nikishin DA. · 2026-04-03
open access unreviewed -
5
Synaptic Plasticity Fragility Underlies a Microglial Pruning Continuum in Major Depressive Disorder and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Cheung N. · 2026-04-17
open access unreviewed -
6
Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of tryptophan metabolism in gut-brain signaling transduction: a narrative review.
Zhang J, Zhou Y, Mei X, Yan S, Mao J, Li Y, Bian Z, Li L, Ji, Lu T, Chen J, Su L. · 2026-03-12
open access unreviewed -
7
Melatonin ameliorates autistic-like behaviors by restoring gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites.
Shen J, Gao J, Gao L, Yan D, Wang Y, Meng J, Li H, Chen D, Wu J. · 2026-03-05
open access unreviewed -
8
Integrative Analysis of Post-Translational Modifications Identifies a PTM-Enriched Regulatory Core in Human Metabolic Enzymes.
Varghese S, Soman SP, Ahmed M, John L, Ramesh P, Soman S, Pai VR, Raju R. · 2026-02-28
open access unreviewed -
9
A Study of Candidate Genes Associated with Suicide Attempts in the Kazakh Population in Astana, Kazakhstan.
Tatayeva R, Tussupova A, Nursafina A, Zholdybayeva E, Bazarbayeva Z, Fedorenko O, Sembaeva Z, Tulembaeva A, S… · 2026-02-28
open access unreviewed -
10
Contextual Regulation of the Kynurenine Pathway and Its Relevance for Personalized Psychiatry.
Murata S, Oxenkrug G, Halaris A. · 2026-02-14
cited 1× open access unreviewed
External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.