Methionine synthase (MTR)
Cofactors used
Clinical / pharmacological. B12-dependent; deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia and the methyl-folate trap
What it does, reaction by reaction
Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol
Homocysteine + 5-methyl-THF → methionine + THF
Converts Homocysteine 5-Methyl-THF into Methionine Tetrahydrofolate (THF)
› Notes
Methionine synthase (MTR) requires methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) and links the methionine cycle to the folate cycle. Reductive reactivation of oxidized cobalamin requires methionine synthase reductase, NADPH, FAD, FMN, and SAM; remethylation is the principal methionine-conserving route in most tissues.
One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol + mitochondrion
5-Methyl-THF + homocysteine → THF + methionine
Converts 5-Methyl-THF Homocysteine into Tetrahydrofolate (THF) Methionine
› Notes
Methionine synthase (5-methyltetrahydrofolate–homocysteine methyltransferase) requires methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) and transfers the methyl group through a cobalamin intermediate. The reaction regenerates THF and prevents trapping of cellular folate as 5-methyl-THF.
Showing all 2 reactions.
What accelerates and inhibits it
Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately
Methionine Cycle / Transmethylation (SAM Cycle, homocysteine)
Listed there as: Methionine synthase
5-methyl-THF, homocysteine, and functional B12 availability
B12 deficiency/inactivation; nitrous oxide oxidizes cobalamin and inhibits function
Mainly controlled by vitamin status and substrate flux
Recent literature
Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date
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1
Mitochondria-derived peptide hydrogel augments mitochondrial transplantation for promoting cardiac repair via macrophage metabolic reprogramming.
Li H, Zhang Y, Jian Y, Fang F, Ouyang W, Zhuang D, Ju W, Gao R, Gao Y, Kang S, Kong P, Li Y, Pan X, Wang W, F… · 2026-08-14
open access unreviewed -
2
Heterogeneous oblique double random forest.
Ganaie M, Tanveer M, Beheshti I, Hussain MA, Ahmad N, Suganthan PN. · 2026-06-17
unreviewed -
3
Homocysteine, cysteine and methionine are associated with 90-day prognosis in intracerebral hemorrhage patients.
Fang M, Xia T, Yin Y. · 2026-08-21
open access unreviewed -
4
Lessons learned from the deployment of oral cholera vaccine by maintaining the controlled temperature chain (CTC) in an urban setting, Bangladesh.
Islam MT, Khan AI, Khan ZH, Amin MA, Shahnaz S, Sultana QF, Bhuiyan MTR, Rimal A, Robertson J, Kahn AL, Qadri… · 2026-07-23
open access unreviewed -
5
Leveraging global tools for adolescent and youth health planning and programming: process and lessons learnt from Madagascar.
Ngabonzima A, Keogh SC, Guthold R, Lydia Yasmine L, Bisoborwa GK, Andrianasolo S, Siga Diane Niane E, Ye M, R… · 2026-03-26
open access unreviewed -
6
Riboflavin intake and kidney health: population evidence and mechanistic insights from NHANES and molecular docking analyses.
Wu P, Long W, Xiao X, Wang L, Xu Y, Ma X. · 2026-01-25
cited 1× open access unreviewed -
7
Cerebellar Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Alterations Correlated With Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.
Ma X, Li X, He X, Liu Y, Xie M, Lin Z, Shang D, Chen H, Chen M, Li C, Su W. · 2026-11-01
unreviewed -
8
Perillaldehyde alleviates Parkinson's disease via the gut microbiota-5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methylation axis.
Gao X, Yan A, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu D, Hu G, Zhang H, Fu S, He D. · 2026-08-26
unreviewed -
9
Identification of feeding apparatus components in a heterotrophic marine flagellate.
Clifford G, Taylor SJP, Ishii M, Cisneros-Soberanis F, Akiyoshi B. · 2026-09-18
open access unreviewed -
10
Effective Modeling of Continuous Wave Z -Spectra for Quantitative CEST and CESL MRI Across Exchange Regimes.
Lippe C, Hoerr V. · 2026-07-30
open access unreviewed
External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.