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rate-limiting unreviewed

GAR transformylase (GART)

2 reactions · 2 pathways

Cofactors used

THF (folate) · B9 (Folate)

What it does, reaction by reaction

2 reactions

One-Carbon Metabolism (Folate Cycle) Amino Acid & Nitrogen Metabolism · Cytosol + mitochondrion

step 7 Irreversible/directional

10-Formyl-THF + glycinamide ribonucleotide (GAR) → formyl-GAR + THF

Converts 10-Formyl-THF Glycinamide ribonucleotide (GAR) into Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) Tetrahydrofolate (THF)

› Notes

GAR transformylase (the phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase domain of GART) donates one formyl group during de novo purine synthesis. This reaction is a committed folate-dependent input into the purine pathway after early purine assembly has begun.

Purine De Novo Synthesis (IMP synthesis through to AMP/GMP) Nucleotide Metabolism · Cytosol

step 4 Irreversible/directional

GAR → formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR)

Converts Glycinamide ribonucleotide (GAR) into Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR)

› Notes

GAR transformylase transfers a formyl group: GAR + 10-formyl-THF → FGAR + THF. This is the first of two folate-dependent one-carbon transfer steps and introduces C8 of the purine ring.

Showing all 2 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

0 entries

No regulation recorded for this enzyme in the source documents.

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Guanidinoacetic acid improves flesh quality associated with collagen synthesis and nucleotide metabolism in gibel carp CAS V (<i>Carassius gibelio</i>, CAS V).

    Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu L, Li C, Chen Q, Han D, Liu H, Zhang Z, Xie S, Jin J. · 2026-04-03

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    The Complex Relation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Inflammation in the Obesity and Diabetes Context.

    Starling-Soares B, Coelho MM, Campolina BG, Duarte CK, Maioli TU. · 2026-01-22

    cited 2× open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    A mathematical model of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism in Down syndrome.

    Piovesan A, Poluzzi D, Ramacieri G, Locatelli C, Antonaros F, Vione B, Caracausi M, Pelleri MC, Marchetti L. · 2026-06-26

    unreviewed
  4. 4
    Genetic Interruption of PD-1/PD-L1 as an Alternative Means for Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer: A Review.

    Li D, Lu J, Li Q, Deng H, Tan S. · 2026-06-18

    open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Publication Only

    · 2026-06-01

    open access unreviewed
  6. 6
    Targeting NFATc1-regulated MTHFD2 one-carbon metabolism to suppress sustained T-cell-mediated inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

    Manolakou T, Shen J, Boddul S, Samiotaki M, Panagias MA, Sentis G, Silva TA, Argyriou A, Nikolopoulos D, Sanj… · 2026-06-10

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    Non-inferiority testing for the odds ratio in two independent binomial proportions using the method of variance estimates recovery.

    Chen H, Wang D, Wu Y, Huang S, Huang J, Liu H, Chen Y, Chen C. · 2026-06-05

    unreviewed
  8. 8
    Host metabolic responses to SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses: parallels and contrasts.

    Terra C, Terrier O, Le Gouellec A. · 2026-06-02

    open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    Transcriptome-constrained genome-scale metabolic modeling reveals central carbon and amino acid metabolic reprogramming underlying colistin-sulbactam synergy in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>.

    Bian X, Zhu Y, Liu X, Li X, Li W, Zhao J, Li J, Zhang J. · 2026-05-05

    open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    A Bayesian Framework to Account for Misclassification Error and Uncertainty in the Estimation of Abortion Prevalence.

    Pejchinovska M, Alexander M. · 2026-05-05

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.