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unreviewed

Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase)

1 reactions · 1 pathways

Cofactors used

Fe-S cluster · Iron FMN · B2 (Riboflavin) NAD+ · B3 (Niacin) NADH · B3 (Niacin) Ubiquinone (CoQ)

What it does, reaction by reaction

1 reactions

Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration · Inner mitochondrial membrane

step 1 Irreversible/directional

NADH + H+ + ubiquinone (Q) → NAD+ + ubiquinol (QH2)

Converts NADH H+ Ubiquinone (CoQ) into NAD+ Ubiquinol (CoQH2)

› Notes

Required cofactors: FMN, Fe–S clusters, NADH, and ubiquinone. For each NADH oxidized and Q reduced, Complex I translocates 4 H+ from matrix to intermembrane space; this electron-entry step is not normally called the committed rate-limiting step of oxidative phosphorylation, but it is a major regulated redox entry point.

Showing all 1 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

1 entries

Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV)

Accelerated by

NADH availability, ADP/ATP demand, adequate O2 downstream

Inhibited by

Rotenone, piericidin A, amobarbital; excess NADH can favor reduced-state backpressure

Hormonal control

Thyroid hormone can increase mitochondrial respiratory capacity over time; acute control is principally acceptor control by ADP and substrate redox state

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Jujuboside A induces bladder cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting ATP1A2-mediated mitochondrial energy metabolism regulation.

    Zhu M, Liu Y, Jia Y, Ren L, An S, Wang Y. · 2026-01-14

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    Diaphragmatic Mitochondrial Myopathy in a Patient-Derived Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome.

    Tentler K, Snider PL, Matias C, Brault JJ, Conway SJ. · 2026-09-03

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    Psychobiological and Metabolic Correlates of Time Perception in Humans: An Exploratory Study.

    Kapri D, Sturm G, Kelly C, Bo K, Liu CC, Wager TD, Hirano M, Trumpff C, Picard M. · 2026-09-01

    unreviewed
  4. 4
    Adeno-Associated virus-based approaches for mitochondrial diseases: advances and challenges.

    Corrà S, Balmaceda V, Viscomi C. · 2026-04-29

    cited 1× open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Mitochondrial localization of key NAD<sup>+</sup>-dependent dehydrogenases explains the exceptionally high biomass yield on ethanol of the yeast <i>Cyberlindnera jadinii</i>.

    Warmerdam M, Pijman YO, Pedersen MP, Wattel K, Vieira-Lara MA, Pronk JT. · 2026-07-10

    open access unreviewed
  6. 6
    Anaphalis margaritacea ethanol extract exhibits potent anti-Trichinella spiralis activity via mitochondrial dysfunction and host tissue protection.

    Yu X, Cao X, Ma Y, Dai L, Bu T, Yang X, Gong Z, Pang J, Huang Y, Cao M, Zhu Z, Miao X, Shang X. · 2026-05-18

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    From the Cosmos to the Cell: The Central Role of Iron in the Chemistry and Evolution of Life.

    Arosio P, Bou-Abdallah F. · 2026-07-25

    open access unreviewed
  8. 8
    Diet-Associated Regulation of Cardiac Metabolism: Molecular Determinants and Pathophysiological Consequences.

    Pacinella G, Ciaccio AM, Maida CD, Della Corte V, Miceli G, Daidone M, Quaranta C, Soldano JS, Tuttolomondo A. · 2026-07-27

    open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    Metformin's disruption of gluconeogenesis in type 2 diabetes impairments of the cori and alanine cycles as hidden drivers of metabolic waste accumulation, NF-κBHIF-1α-mediated low-grade inflammation, and multisystem dysfunction.

    Akl M, Ahmed A. · 2026-07-22

    open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    Mitochondrial Toxicology of Heavy Metals and Pesticides: Transport Systems, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Permeability Transition.

    Lauria G, Genchi G, Curcio R. · 2026-07-17

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.