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unreviewed

Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase)

1 reactions · 1 pathways

Cofactors used

Fe-S cluster · Iron FMN · B2 (Riboflavin) NAD+ · B3 (Niacin) NADH · B3 (Niacin) Ubiquinone (CoQ)

What it does, reaction by reaction

1 reactions

Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV) Energy Metabolism & Cellular Respiration · Inner mitochondrial membrane

step 1 Irreversible/directional

NADH + H+ + ubiquinone (Q) → NAD+ + ubiquinol (QH2)

Converts NADH H+ Ubiquinone (CoQ) into NAD+ Ubiquinol (CoQH2)

› Notes

Required cofactors: FMN, Fe–S clusters, NADH, and ubiquinone. For each NADH oxidized and Q reduced, Complex I translocates 4 H+ from matrix to intermembrane space; this electron-entry step is not normally called the committed rate-limiting step of oxidative phosphorylation, but it is a major regulated redox entry point.

Showing all 1 reactions.

What accelerates and inhibits it

Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately

1 entries

Electron Transport Chain (Complexes I–IV)

Accelerated by

NADH availability, ADP/ATP demand, adequate O2 downstream

Inhibited by

Rotenone, piericidin A, amobarbital; excess NADH can favor reduced-state backpressure

Hormonal control

Thyroid hormone can increase mitochondrial respiratory capacity over time; acute control is principally acceptor control by ADP and substrate redox state

Recent literature

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Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date

  1. 1
    Jujuboside A induces bladder cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting ATP1A2-mediated mitochondrial energy metabolism regulation.

    Zhu M, Liu Y, Jia Y, Ren L, An S, Wang Y. · 2026-01-14

    open access unreviewed
  2. 2
    Influence of Hypothermic Machine Perfusion on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Early Tubular Injury in Rat Donor Kidneys Before Transplantation.

    LeGrand C, Bhattarai D, Sharma A, McGraw MK, Gokden N, MacMillan-Crow LA, Parajuli N. · 2026-04-07

    open access unreviewed
  3. 3
    MRPS22 variants alter mitochondrial ribosome assembly in patients with leukodystrophy, movement disorder and intellectual impairment.

    Glasgow RIC, Lennartsson F, Arnardottir S, Shiriaev DI, Correia SP, Moedas M, Peña-Pérez L, Paucar M, Naess K… · 2026-06-01

    open access unreviewed
  4. 4
    Mitochondrial dysfunction triggers a maladaptive peroxisomal response driving lipid accumulation.

    Coelho P, Dionísio P, A Sardão V, Dias RA, Futschik ME, Klemm R, Milosevic I, Raimundo N. · 2026-04-14

    open access unreviewed
  5. 5
    Cell shapes decode molecular phenotypes in image-based spatial proteomics.

    Le T, Leineweber WD, Viana MP, Cesnik A, Hansen JN, Ouyang W, Rafelski SM, Lundberg E. · 2026-04-20

    unreviewed
  6. 6
    Western diet induces iron-dependent enteric neurodegeneration via ferroptosis.

    Balasubramaniam A, Pavlov D, Du Y, Reeves J, Harzman A, Liu Y, Cingolani F, Yuan X, Patel JM, Mwangi SM, He P… · 2026-04-21

    open access unreviewed
  7. 7
    Mysterious giants in the world of lipids: long linear isoprenoid functions in plant physiology and reproduction.

    Gutkowska M, Swiezewska E, Szewińska J, Rojek J, Surmacz L. · 2026-06-01

    cited 2× open access unreviewed
  8. 8
    Developmental Morphokinetics and the Transcriptomic Profile of Bovine First-Cleaved Embryos: Normal vs. Abnormal Divisions.

    Michaelov A, Kalo D, Gershoni M, Roth Z. · 2026-05-28

    open access unreviewed
  9. 9
    Anaphalis margaritacea ethanol extract exhibits potent anti-Trichinella spiralis activity via mitochondrial dysfunction and host tissue protection.

    Yu X, Cao X, Ma Y, Dai L, Bu T, Yang X, Gong Z, Pang J, Huang Y, Cao M, Zhu Z, Miao X, Shang X. · 2026-05-18

    open access unreviewed
  10. 10
    Diagnosing Metformin Intoxication with High-Resolution Platelet Respirometry: A Case Report.

    Sobotka O, Staňková P, Fortunato J, Trčková E, Skořepa P. · 2026-05-21

    open access unreviewed

External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.