Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP)
What it does, reaction by reaction
Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) Lipid Metabolism · Intestine, liver, plasma, capillary endothelium
Nascent chylomicron assembly: TAG/cholesteryl ester + apoB-48 → chylomicron
Converts TAG/cholesteryl ester ApoB-48 into Chylomicron
› Notes
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) loads lipids onto newly translated apoB-48 in intestinal ER; further lipidation and Golgi processing create nascent chylomicrons. ApoB-48 is generated by intestinal APOB mRNA editing and is obligatory for particle assembly; MTP-mediated apoB lipidation is the critical assembly step. Chylomicrons enter lymph, then systemic plasma via the thoracic duct.
Hepatic TAG/cholesteryl ester + apoB-100 → nascent VLDL
Converts ApoB-100 into Nascent VLDL
› Notes
Hepatic MTP transfers lipids to full-length apoB-100 in ER; additional TAG lipidation produces VLDL, which is secreted into plasma. Availability of hepatic fatty acids from de novo lipogenesis, adipose NEFA influx, and dietary remnants controls VLDL-TAG output. ApoB-100 is required for VLDL assembly and later serves as the LDLR ligand.
Showing all 2 reactions.
What accelerates and inhibits it
Regulation is pathway-specific, so each context is listed separately
Lipoprotein Metabolism (Exogenous and Endogenous Pathways: chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL)
ApoB synthesis and luminal lipid availability
MTP inhibitors; severe lipid shortage
Insulin resistance and hepatic fatty-acid influx can increase VLDL production; regulation is largely transcriptional/substrate-driven
Recent literature
Europe PMC · fetched just now · sorted by publication date
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1
The Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus hijacks the liver lipid metabolic pathway for virion production.
Gautam A, Zhong L, Ogire E, Bodoirat S, Riedmiller I, Sander WJ, Boson B, Gandhi A, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Amira… · 2026-03-30
open access unreviewed -
2
TM6SF2 is a cholesterol-bound homomultimeric ER membrane protein that binds ApoB and is required for bulk lipidation of VLDL
· 2026-09-28
open access unreviewed -
3
Flavonoids for MASLD: Hepatic Lipid Targets, Biopharmaceutic Barriers, and Formulation Strategies.
Yan S, Yang H, Wang Y, Zhu L, Wang B, Zhang L, Hao Q. · 2026-09-02
open access unreviewed -
4
Pharmacological Potential of Selenoproteins in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Liver Diseases.
Varlamova EG. · 2026-09-16
open access unreviewed -
5
A Universal Plasticizer Alkylsulfonic Phenyl Ester Activates Pregnane X Receptor to Increase Intestinal Cholesterol Uptake.
Okore N, Kariuki W, Brown C, Moxley MA, Ramirez N, Sui Y. · 2026-09-15
open access unreviewed -
6
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: pathogenic mechanisms and exercise-induced molecular adaptations.
Lei S, Tao J, Chen X, Li X, Zhong S. · 2026-09-12
open access unreviewed -
7
Role of mitochondria-associated ER membranes in lipid metabolism: implications for renal lipotoxicity.
Gao Y, Shao M, Fang Y, Zeng J, Sun H. · 2026-09-01
open access unreviewed -
8
Current and Future Perspectives of LDL-C Lowering Therapies 2026.
Tada H, Sakata K, Usui S, Takamura M. · 2026-05-28
cited 1× open access unreviewed - 9
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10
Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming and Bioactive Lipid Signaling in MASLD: Molecular Mechanisms, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities.
Ábel T, Csobod Csajbókné É. · 2026-08-31
open access unreviewed
External claims. These come from an index outside this database and are not checked against it. Treat them as leads.